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Location: Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about
one-third of the way from Hawaii to the Marshall Islands
Geographic coordinates: 16 45 N, 169 30 W
Map references: Oceania
Area:
total: 2.8 sq km
land: 2.8 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area—comparative: about 4.7 times the size of The
Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 10 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast
trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain: mostly flat
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Summit Peak 5 m
Natural resources: NA; guano deposits worked until depletion
about 1890
Land use:
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 0%
other: 100%
Irrigated land: 0 sq km (1998)
Natural hazards: NA
Environment—current issues: no natural fresh water
resources
Environment—international agreements:
party to: NA
signed, but not ratified: NA
Geography—note: strategic location in the North Pacific
Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands, which
have been expanded by coral dredging; North Island (Akau) and East
Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging;
closed to the public; former US nuclear weapons test site; site
of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some
low-growing vegetation
Population: no indigenous inhabitants
note: there are 1,200 US military and civilian contractor
personnel (January 1999 est.)
Country name:
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Johnston Atoll
Data code: JQ
Dependency status: unincorporated territory of the US;
administered from Washington, DC, by the US Defense Threat Reduction
Agency (DTRA) and managed cooperatively by DTRA and the Fish and
Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of
the National Wildlife Refuge system
Legal system: NA
Flag description: the flag of the US is used
Economy—overview: Economic activity is limited to
providing services to US military personnel and contractors located
on the island. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Electricity—production: NAkWh
note: there are six 25,000 kWh generators supplied by the
base operating support contractor
Electricity—consumption: NAkWh
Telephone system: 13 outgoing and 10 incoming commercial
lines; adequate telecommunications
domestic: 60-channel submarine cable, 22 DSN circuits by
satellite, Autodin with standard remote terminal, digital telephone
switch, Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), UHF/VHF
air-ground radio, a link to the Pacific Consolidated Telecommunications
Network (PCTN) satellite
international: NA
Radio broadcast stations: AM NA, FM 5 channels; also 1
local volunteer FM radio station;, shortwave NA;
Television broadcast stations: commercial satellite television
system, with 16 channels (1997)
Ports and harbors: Johnston Island
Airports: 1 (1998 est.)
Airports—with paved runways:
total: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (1998 est.)
Military—note: defense is the responsibility of the
US
Disputes—international: none
Source: 1999 CIA World Factbook
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